The physician Giovanni Rasori, known for his revolutionary and jacobin political faith, had imported in Italy the medical theories by the scottish doctors Brown and Cullen and had developed the theory of the counter-stimulus. He used to cure all serious diseases with repeated administrations of small doses of Antimoniates and potassium nitrate in addition to bloodletting.His followers were so many in the duchy of Parma as to cause a crisis of pharmacy and the stop to the introduction of every therapeutic novelty. Such a situation prompted the Duchess Maria Luigia to publish in 1823 the "Codex Medicamentarius Parmensis", the first official italian pharmacopoea after the Restoration.