In 1853 France and the United Kingdom intervened in defense of the Ottoman Empire against the attacks by Russia whose campaign was to expand towards the Mediterranean. The war, very soon, became concentrated in Crimea and engaged about a million men. In the spring of 1855 even the small state of Sardinia-Piedmont became involved with an army of 15,000-20,000 men fighting alongside its allies. The armies were severely weakened by epidemics, in particular cholera and other illnesses such as typhoid, tuberculosis, malaria, scurvy, etc. All of this resulted in great hardship and disservice for the medical division as well as difficulty in regard to supplies and provisions. The present work makes a comparison between the dietary rations of the Sardinian-Piemontese Army particularly the original regarded by the Ministry as the most apposite for the mission with the 17th and final one when the condition of the troops had been ascertained. The energetic and nutritional values of these rations were assessed and then the values obtained were compared with current standards to calculate the energetic and nutritional essentials which are presumed to have been necessary for the troops in Crimea. This comparison attempts to demonstrate the improved quality and quantity of the rations as well as the influence of the medical sector on this improvement.