Since the beginning of the 16th century the popularity of natural science was continuously increasing. Among the prominent botanists of the period there were such figures as, for instance, Ulisse Aldrovandi, Andrea Cesalpino or Pietro Andrea Mattioli. The new quality of their studies was reflected in the development of botanical gardens and realization of the so-called Cabinets of Curiosity, first private museums that held art, zoological and geological specimens, archaeological and anthropological findings and other curiosities from all over the globe. Italian naturalists were constantly accumulating knowledge of every field associated with the natural history, publishing herbals and encyclopedias. Their works, famous not only in Italy, but also abroad, had numerous reprints and translations into many European languages and are present in many European libraries. This article discusses collections of libraries of Krakow, such as Library of the Museum of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian Library, the Czartoryski Library and the Library of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, pointing out interesting Polish traces in works of Italian naturalists. The most common authors present in libraries of Krakow, are Mattioli, Aldrovandi and Falloppio.